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Strokes are a major health issue in the UK, leading to significant disability and mortality. This guide covers the types of strokes, symptoms, and the immediate actions required if you suspect someone is having a stroke.
Each year, around 150,000 people in the UK experience a stroke, with over 10,000 of these cases occurring in individuals under retirement age. Strokes are responsible for more disabilities than any other chronic disease in the UK, leaving approximately 300,000 people with moderate to severe disabilities.
Annually, about 67,000 people die from strokes in the UK, making them the third leading cause of death in England and Wales, following heart disease and cancer. Strokes account for 9% of all male deaths and 13% of female deaths annually.
Strokes can be classified into two main types:
A TIA, or mini-stroke, involves temporary stroke-like symptoms and is a critical warning sign of potential future strokes, necessitating immediate medical attention.
Strokes can occur at any age and often without clear reasons. However, certain risk factors increase the likelihood of a stroke. These include unmodifiable factors and those that can be mitigated through lifestyle changes or medication.
Key symptoms to watch for include sudden headaches, confusion, numbness, and difficulty with coordination. An easy mnemonic to remember is FAST:
If you're first on the scene, assist the person by gently helping them to the floor, positioning them on their affected side, and covering them with a blanket. Keep them calm and maintain their dignity, especially if they lose control of bladder or bowel functions.
Responding to a stroke can be emotionally taxing. It's important to seek support from friends or medical professionals if needed.